The purpose of this book is to illustrate "the fundamentals of anthropology for the philosophers prior to Mulla Sadra" from the perspectives of Avicenna and Ibn Masakuiyah. The function of "the foundations of anthropology of the humanities" or, in our words "Human Actology", is to depict the emergence of human/social sciences and their methodologies, which were formerly known as ethical refinement, domestic management, and civil policy. Obviously, explaining their relevance to the current humanities/social sciences is also an essential part of this book. The teachings, concepts, methods, and theories that now exist in the human sciences are rooted in the thoughts of the thinkers’ views to human identity. This process is clearly expressed in the views of Islamic scholars.

One of the most important elements that need to be described in this regard is an account of what the practical wisdom and its sub-branches are. In such a way, this part of Islamic wisdom can be employed as the foundations of knowledge for the recognition and management of individual affairs and communities.